Outcome of medical treatment for horses with foot pain: 56 cases

Reasons for performing study: Currently, there are limited data regarding the long‐term outcome of horses with foot pain treated with corrective shoeing, rest and rehabilitation, and intrasynovial anti‐inflammatory medication to target lesions detected with MRI. Objective: To report the long‐term (≥12 months) outcome of horses with foot lesions following medical therapy. Hypotheses: 1) There is no association between clinical parameters considered and a poor response to therapy. 2) Horses with a deep digital flexor tendinopathy are less likely to respond to medical therapy than horses without a deep digital flexor tendinopathy. Methods: The medical records of horses with foot pain subjected to MRI examination and medical therapy (2005–2007) were evaluated retrospectively. Data collected included history, signalment, occupation, duration and severity of lameness at the time of MRI, radiological and MRI abnormalities. Number of treatments, complications and long‐term response to treatment were obtained by detailed telephone questionnaires. Association between clinical and MRI findings and long‐term lameness were investigated. Results: Frequent abnormal structures included the navicular bone, the deep digital flexor tendon, the navicular bursa and the distal interphalangeal joint. Thirty‐four of 56 horses (60.7%) failed to return to previous level of exercise due to persistent or recurrent lameness or owners' decision to decrease the horse's athletic level; however, 11 horses (32.3%) were being used for light riding. Prognosis for horses with concurrent deep digital flexor tendon, navicular bone and navicular bursa lesions was worse than horses with individual lesions. Deep digital flexor tendinopathy was strongly associated with persistent or recurrent lameness. Conclusions: Horses with multiple foot lesions managed with conservative therapy have a guarded prognosis for long‐term soundness. Deep digital flexor tendinopathies negatively influence prognosis.     

Ulcerative dermatitis in wild dusky grouper Epinephelus marginatus (Lowe) from Libyan waters

In the period 2013–2015, wild dusky grouper, Epinephelus marginatus (Lowe), caught in Libyan coastal waters and ranging in size from 42 to 92 cm in total length, were observed to have distinctive skin lesions of unknown aetiology. Histopathologically, the lesions comprised a multifocal, unilateral or bilateral dermatitis, involving the epidermis, superficial dermis and scale pockets, and sometimes, in severe cases, the hypodermis. Severe lesions had marked epidermal spongiosis progressing to ulceration. Healing was observed in some fish. Bacteria and fungi could be isolated from severe lesions, although they were not seen histopathologically in early‐stage lesions. By contrast, metazoan parasite eggs were observed in the dermis and epidermis of some fish with mild and moderate dermatitis. Unidentified gravid digenean trematode parasites carrying similar eggs were also seen within the blood vessels of the deep and superficial dermis. The cause of this distinctive condition, termed dusky grouper dermatitis (DGD), and its potential impact upon already threatened Mediterranean wild dusky grouper populations and upon cultured grouper more widely have yet to be established.     

人低分化鼻咽癌裸鼠移植瘤的微血管构筑

目的：观察人低分化鼻咽癌裸鼠移植瘤的微血管形态。方法：将人低分化鼻咽癌细胞单克隆株（ＣＮＥ－２Ｚ－Ｈ５）接种于裸鼠皮下,然后对荷瘤鼠进行ＡＢＳ血管灌注,扫描电观察;移植瘤组织用因子Ⅶ相关抗原免疫组化（Ｓ－Ｐ）方法观察血管形态。结果：（１）肿瘤微血和构筑表现为外形不规则,窦状,囊腔状血管形成,血管分级不明显;（２）血管壁薄,血管腔数量少,管壁仅有一层内皮细胞,缺乏平滑肌,基底膜薄或缺如,内皮细胞间联     

Histopathology of culture‐associated skin erosions and papillary hyperplasia of Atlantic halibut,Hippoglossus hippoglossus (L.)

Atlantic halibut, Hippoglossus hippoglossus (L.), that were cultured in tanks with a smooth bottom (gel‐coated fibreglass) substrate developed papillary hyperplasia and skin erosions on the blind (ventral) side. No viruses, bacteria or parasites were observed in any sections of affected skin. Comparison of microscopic pathology with that of skin from normal, wild‐caught halibut showed severe epidermal proliferation with foci of severe mucous cell hyperplasia. Both epidermal thickness and mucous cell density were significantly greater in fish held on a smooth substrate compared to skin of healthy fish. Spongiosis was present, especially at the base of the papillary, hyperplastic epidermis, and there was a chronic inflammatory infiltrate in the scale pockets composed of lymphocytes, histiocytes and erythrocytes. Skin erosions had various degrees of epidermal loss, in some cases to the basement membrane. A predisposing factor for the epidermal sloughing may have been related to the spongiosis, and the vacuolated, degenerated basal cells. When affected halibut were cultured for an additional 28, 62 or 97 days on a sand substrate, which is conducive to skin lesion healing, there was no apparent change in epidermal thickness over time. However, mucous cell density significantly increased from day 0 to 97 during the healing process.     

黄芪水煎液诱导大鼠肠黏膜微血管内皮细胞增殖以及分泌IFN-γ的研究

为了探讨黄芪水煎液能否诱导大鼠肠黏膜微血管内皮细胞(RIMVECs)表达IFN-γ,采用MTT和双夹心ELISA分别检测了黄芪水煎液对体外培养的RIMMVECs增殖以及表达IFN-γ的影响。结果显示,黄芪水煎液在25mg/L~3 200mg/L时促进RIMVECs增殖。为更好的研究黄芪水煎液诱导效果,将不同浓度的黄芪水煎液(0.1、1、6、30mg/mL)诱导RIMVECs 6、12、24h检测IFN-γ含量,结果显示,在各检测时间点0.1、1mg/mL组和空白组差异显著(P0.05),6mg/mL组差异极显著(P0.01),30mg/mL组差异不显著(P0.05)。说明黄芪水煎液的抗病毒作用可能与诱导微血管内皮细胞表达IFN-γ有直接的关系,为黄芪"益气解毒"功效的现代阐释提供了试验依据。     

鸽I型副粘病毒病的研究进展

本文就鸽Ⅰ型副粘病毒病的国内外发生历史、流行特点、病原特性、临床症状、病理变化以及免疫防治等方面的研究进展进行了综合整理，以期对该病的深入研究和防制工作起推动作用。     

Pathogenicity and genetic variation of Phytophthora cactorum from silver birch and strawberry

Phytophthora cactorum strains isolated from necrotic stem lesions on Betula pendula seedlings or from Fragaria ananassa plants suffering from crown rot were pathogenic to their host plants. Only isolates from birch caused clear lesions on non-wounded bark of birch. P. cactorum isolates from birch were not detrimental to strawberry. Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis revealed variation within P. cactorum, isolates from silver birch having different banding patterns than those from strawberry. UPGMA analysis clustered isolates from silver birch and strawberry plants into separate groups. The data show that the recent outbreak in Finland of P. cactorum in birch could not be caused by the import of strawberry plants affected by crown rot.     

脂肪肝鸭重要实质器官病理损伤观察

对8只脂肪肝综合征病鸭的重要内脏器官进行病理学观察。结果表明,病鸭肝脏明显肿大,色黄,质脆易碎,切面色黄、结构模糊、有明显油腻感,有的还有程度不等的瘀血、出血,表面和切面可见散在点状或斑状出血,严重时肝脏边缘部有较大范围出血。镜检发现,肝细胞普遍脂肪变性,胞浆内有数量不等的脂肪小滴,甚至整个细胞为脂肪充满,细胞核被挤压到一侧,严重者导致肝细胞坏死,肝小叶及周围有程度不等的出血。除肝脏外,其他实质器官也有程度不等变性、坏死等病变。     

Moniezia infection in the dwarf breeds of small ruminants in Southern Nigeria

A survey of Moniezia infection was conducted among two groups of sheep and goats, of dwarf breeds, in Nigeria: a. those being reared under a traditional, extensive husbandry system in groups of rural villages situated in two different ecological zones; and

b. those reared under an intensive system on experimental stations in two ecological zones of Nigeria.

Moniezia expansa was the predominant species encountered in the animals. The incidence of Moniezia infection was higher in sheep than in goats. The highest infection rates were found in kids and lambs younger than eight months old.

The clinical significance of the infection and some of the highlights of the results are discussed. It is concluded that Moniezia infection in small ruminants can pose a problem deserving of more attention and a suggestion is made for studies on the bionomics of the mite forming the intermediate host in Nigeria.